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In this study, DM process is used in backcalculating the pavement layer thickness from deflections measured on the surface of the flexible pavements. Data mining (DM) process has not been used as a backcalculation tool before. At the same time, using backcalculation analysis, flexible pavement layer thicknesses together with in situ material properties can also be backcalculated from the measured field data through appropriate analysis techniques. Pavement layer thickness may be known from the design project or site investigation. Pavement layers are important parameters in view of bearing capacity. Pavement deflection data are often used to evaluate a pavement’s structural condition nondestructively.